Halogen

Group IIA elements include fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), iodine (I), and astatine (At), collectively known as halogens. Among them, astatine (At) is a radioactive element that is almost non-existent in the product, and the first four elements exist in the form of organic compounds, especially in polymer materials. The halogen compounds currently used in products are mainly flame retardants: PBB, PBDE, TBBP-A , PCB, Hexabromododecane, tribromophenol, short chain chlorinated paraffin; Ozone depleting substances used as refrigerants and insulation materials: CFCs, HCFCs, HFCs, etc.

Harm: Adding halogens (fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine) to polymer products such as plastics to increase their ignition point has the advantage of having a higher ignition point than ordinary polymer materials, with an ignition point of approximately 300 ℃. During combustion, halogenated gases (fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine) are emitted, which quickly absorb oxygen and extinguish the fire. However, its disadvantage is that when the concentration of chlorine gas released is high, the visibility will decrease, making it difficult to identify escape routes. At the same time, chlorine gas has strong toxicity and affects the respiratory system of humans. In addition, the halogen gas released from the combustion of halogenated polymers, when combined with water vapor, will produce corrosive and harmful gases (hydrogen halides), causing corrosion to some equipment and buildings.

PBB, PBDE, TBBPA and other brominated flame retardants are currently widely used in the electronic and electrical industry, including circuit boards, computers, fuel cells, televisions, printers, and more.

These halogenated flame retardant materials produce dioxins during combustion and can exist in the environment for many years, even accumulating in organisms for life, which cannot be discharged.

Therefore, many international companies are actively promoting the complete abolition of halogen containing materials, such as banning the use of halogen flame retardants in their products.

At present, different products have different limit standards for halogen-free requirements:

If there are no halogenated wires and cables, the halogen index is: the value of all halogens is ≤ 50PPM;

According to regulation PREN 14582, the content of hydrogen halide gas produced after combustion is less than 100PPM;

According to regulation EN 5067-2-1, the pH value of the hydrogen halide gas produced after combustion dissolved in water is ≥ 4.3 (weakly acidic);

According to regulation EN-5 0267-2-2, after combustion in a closed container, the product emits a beam of light with a transmittance of ≥ 60%

According to regulation EN-50268-2, halogen-free requirements: bromine and chlorine content are less than 900ppm, and (bromine+chlorine) is less than 1500ppm.

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